Working Principle and Energy Transfer of DTH Hammers for Water Well Drilling Rigs

The water well drilling rig DTH hammer achieves high efficiency through its unique working principle:

 

  1. Energy input: The water well drilling rig air compressor sends high-pressure gas into the hammer, pushing the internal piston to reciprocate.
  2. Impact generation: The piston hits the bit tail at high speed due to air pressure difference, converting gas pressure into mechanical energy.
  3. Energy transfer: Impact energy passes through the bit’s alloy teeth to rocks, breaking them. The rig rotates the hammer for continuous drilling.

 

Its energy transfer efficiency reaches 60-80%, much higher than mechanical impact’s 30-40%. This explains its high efficiency in hard rock.