How to Select Drilling Rigs for Different Soil Layers? A Complete Analysis of Construction Plans for Clay, Rock, and Sand

Well-drilling is common in water conservancy projects, geological explorations, and infrastructure construction. Since soil layers vary, choosing the right rigs and plans is key to efficiency and quality.

Clay Soil Layer Construction Plan

  • Clay is fine and sticky. Spiral drilling rigs work well.
  • Their blades cut and remove clay efficiently during rotation.
  • Use alloy bits to boost cutting power.
  • Drill slowly to avoid clogging. Clean bits regularly.

Rock Soil Layer Construction Plan

  • Rocks are hard and dense. Impact drilling rigs are ideal.
  • They break rocks with hammer impacts for drilling.
  • In hard rock areas, choose rigs with solid cone bits.
  • Rotary drilling rigs with coring bits suit high-precision jobs.
  • Survey rocks thoroughly and plan drilling positions.

Sand Soil Layer Construction Plan

  • Sand is loose with low cohesion. Circulating rotary rigs fit well.
  • Mud pumps circulate mud to remove cuttings and stabilize walls.
  • Reverse circulation rigs offer higher slag removal efficiency.
  • Control mud density strictly to prevent cave-ins.
  • Monitor the wellbore carefully in thick, loose sand layers.

 

In short, match rigs to soil types and follow proper plans. This ensures smooth well-drilling and a solid foundation for projects.