Bit Wear Mechanism and Countermeasures for Frozen Soil Water Well Drills

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Quartz sand (acerca de 15%) and ice layers in frozen soil make bit wear 3 times faster than in ordinary formations:

 

  1. Wear types:
    Abrasive wear (60%), fatigue damage (30%), thermal cracking (10%).
  2. Material upgrade:
    PDC bits use diamond composite sheets + tungsten carbide matrix, doubling service life.
  3. Structural optimization:
    Saw-tooth blade design reduces adhesive wear caused by ice chip accumulation.

The Mackenzie Valley project in Canada verified that new bits cut single-well replacement times from 5 to 2.